英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选用
摘要: 英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选用引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选用，比较复杂除了牵涉到所指的......
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英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选用 引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选用，比较复杂除了牵涉到所指的先行词是人还是物，所引导的定语从句是限制性的还是非限制性的，以及关系词在从句中充当什么句子成份外，还要根据习惯用法而定。 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year. （对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。 1. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 2. Last night, I took a taxi, _____ took me straight home. A. and it B. it C. which D. A & C 3. I shall never forget the days _____ I lived in the countryside with the farmers, _____ has a great effect on my life. A. when…that B. when…when C. when…which D. which…which 4. _____ all that _____ to be done been done? A. Have...have B. Have…has C. Has…has D. Has…have 5. The town _____ you visited last month is the one _____ Einstein was born. A. where…where B. which…which C. that…where D. that...which 6. --Why am I so slow at doing the cloze test? --I guess you didn't realize the use ______ the contexts. A. you should have made of B. you must have made from C. from which you could have made D. out of which you need make 7. Don’t leave the knife _____. Which is wrong? A. in a place where children can get it B. where children can get it C. in a place which is within children’s reach D. in which children can get it 8. _____ is known to all, China will be a _____ and powerful country in 30 years’ time. A. That…developing B. It…developed C. It…developing D. As…developed 9. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. at which D. in that 10. Tom’s mother kept telling that he should work harder, _____ didn’t help. A. but it B. as C. which D. A & C 
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